In the earlier standing tutorial, we noted that Article III, § 2 of the Constitution limits jurisdiction “cases or controversies.”
The tutorial observed that being a "case or controversy" requires an invasion of a legally protected interest (a harm) that is
Clapper v. Amnesty Intl. USA, 568 U.S. 398 (2013).
The Sandvig court uses different language. It says that
To have Article III standing, a plaintiff must have (1) suffered an injury in fact, (2) that is fairly traceable to the challenged conduct of the defendant, and (3) that is likely to be redressed by a favorable judicial decision.
The two formulations are consistent. An "injury in fact" requires an invasion of a legally protected interest (a harm) that is